Steam-boiler.



Patented Sept. l8, I900. E. N. JANsON.

STEAM BOILER. (Applicafion filed Feb. 1, 1900.

4 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

INVENTOR:

m. 658,1l0. Patented Sept. I8, I900. E. N. JANSONQ STEAM BGiLER.

(Application filed Feb. 1, 1900.) Modem 4 Sheets-Shget F 1 I L 1 I I I II Wmvsssas INVENTOR 4 Sheets- 8MB! 3.

Patented Sept. 18, I900.

E. N. JANSON. STEAM BMLER.

(Applcabion filed Feb. 1, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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Pram

INVENTOR ITNESSEIS Patented Sepi. i8 E.-N.-JANSON. STEAM BOILER.

(Application filed Feb. 1, 1900. J

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UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST JANSON, OF W'ASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

STEAM- BOILER.

srncmroarlon forming part of Letters IPatent No. 658,110, datedSeptember 18, 1900. Application filed February 1. 1900. Serial No. 8.644. (110 model.)

While in many respects relating to watertube boilers in general, myinvention refers specifically to that water-tube boiler on which LettersPatent of the United States No. 727,754 were granted .to me on June 27,1899. In the'patent referred toI illustrated and described a sectionalboiler, in which my object was to obtain for the water and gases ofcombustion a circulation as nearly perfect as possible; but althoughsuch results in the main have been obtained I am aware that still betterresults may be gotten with the improvements appended. T ese improvementsare clearly shown onthe drawings and fully described in the followingspecification.

Experience with water-tube boilers of the type shown has demonstratedthat in the lower rows of tubes, due to the intense heat, a violent andrapid conversion of water into steam takes place, rendering said tubesto become overheated and elongated with a permanent set due to excess ofthe elastic limit in the material. This injurious action is principallycaused by the sluggishness in the supply of circulating water throughthese tubes. In order to counteract the distortioning efiects spoken of,I have shown a boiler of identical features as the one described inLetters Patent No. 627,754, but with direct downcomers or downfiow-pipesat each end of each drum, as in Figures. 1, II, IV, and V, or a numberof side downcomers connecting the intermediate pipes 11 andll as well asthe drums 5 and 5. with the collectors 30 and 31. In Figs. VI and VIIsaid downconiers connect from the middle of each drum to-a manifoldplaced at the lower ends of the lower headers, the manifold or manifoldsof each boiler uniting the steam-drum of the opposite boiler. Themanifolds so arranged will also serve as blow-0E connections. Theabove-mentioned downcomers will in an eficientway form the necessarysupports of the drums, leaving every section of the tubes and headers ofeach boiler in a suspended state, allowing free movements, caused byexpansion or contraction. The lower row of tubes are spaced with agreater central distance to the adjoining row than any other two rows oftubes in order to facilitate placing of the partiti'onsin tended tobafile the gases before the uptakes are reached. These partitions orbaiiiers are specially advantageous when, owing to variouscircumstances, the height of the boiler is limited and the uptake areafor the gases between the generating-tubes is excessive, in' this thatsaid gasesof combustion are constrained to traverse the full width ofthe boiler, acting longer and more directly on its efiicientheating-surface.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. I is a part-vertical section throughthe center of the boiler as well as a part outside view showing casingand side downcomers. Fig. II is a part-sectional view of Fig. at a lineX X and-a part full view showing the outside of the boiler with thecasing removed. Fig. VIII is a section along a line X X, showing theseveralside downcomers, and Fig. IX is a sectional view of Fig. VIII.

comers form tire-walls. Figs. IV, V, VI, and VII show modifications inthe arrangement of 'dow'ncomers. In Figs. IV and V the same arrangementexists as in Figs-I and I), with the exception that the independentdownflowpipes 4 and 4, uniting each header to the drum of the oppositesteam-generator,are dispensed with and the whole supply of circulatingwater is conveyed to the headeiis through the manifolds by means of theside downcomers alone. Figs. VI and VII contain the same generalarrangement of headers,generating-tubes,steam-dru ms,and manifolds asFigs. 1, II, IV, and V; but instead of placing downcomers at each end,as shown in Figs. -I,-II, IV, and V, one larger downcomer is placed atabout the middle of each drurn,connecting the manifolds of each bofle'rto the drum of the opposite steam-generator. The independen tdownfiow-pipes 4 and 4',con-

neoting the headers, aspreviously described,

may either be used or dispensed with, Figs.

This arrangement makes a boiler in which the side down- VI and VII onthe drawings showing them omitted. The last arrangement offersadvantages in such a way that by means of a parting wall or walls E thegrate becomes divided up among two or more independent furnaces, thennmberbeing in relation to the number of downcomers used; Thismodification facilitates cleaning fires in one furnacewithoutshuttingdown the whole boiler. Fig. 111 illustratesa method ofsecuring the ends of thetubes to both sides of the header with anextension left on the tubes outside of the headers, 'to whichextension'the closing-caps T are screwed on securely.

In the drawings, 1 1' represent water-tubes which are secured to theheaders by expanding them in the holes provided in opposite sides fortheir reception. Each of the upper headers 22' connects to the drums 55' by means of short tubes 3 3', or the headers may be drawn out to formthis connection, substituting the short tubes 3 3. Each lower header 2:2 is joined tot'ne drum of the opposite boiler by means of extensions 4l on the header itself or by tubes secured to the headers in a mannershown and described in Letters Patent No; 627,754, or as shown in Fig.VIII. At each end of the drum and at intermediate. pla'ces, ifconsidered necessary, is'placed a connecting-pipe 11 and 11' between thetwo drnms. At the lower end of the lower headers outside manifolds 16and 16' connect all headers by means of lower tubes extended or shorttubes 25. These manifolds are either made continuous in one piece ordivided .up

in two or more pieces in order to allow for adiiference in expansion andcontraction of the boiler in various parts over the furnace. In Figs. 1,II, IV, and Vthe side downconiers L L and L L connect to the ends of themanifolds 16 and lo", and in Figs. VI and VIIv with collectors 30 and31, to which the manifolds l6 and 16 are connected by means ofpipes 23and 24:, these downcomers being invariably so formed as to constitutesubstan-- v tial supportsfor carrying the weight of the boiler. In casethe manifolds are divided each part is connected by a pipe S. .Theb'afflers l7 and 18 are arranged on top of the lower and upper rows oftubes on which they rest. They extend at the bottom from one side of thef u-rnace to within a distance of the opposite side,leaving an openinglarge enough for smoke-uptake between the uubafiied tubes with a similararrangement provided for on the top rows of the tubes.

4 The vertical tubes 6 in Figs. I and II represent air-heating tubes,having for their functions to abstract the heat from the escaping gases.The air-box l9,contaiuing these tubes, is partitioned off, so as to formtwo heat. boxes, with a connecting-fine 20 at the bottom.

The side downcomers L and L in The space between these heat-boxesfacili-Iv .tates cleaning and renewal of the air-heating tubes. r V 7 Arepresents the combnstion-chamber,'G;

the grate-bars, and C the ash-pit. a

E is some refractory material, and D rep-j resents the fire-doors. B isan ash-pan. V g 7 12 is the casing.- V In the process of combustion theproducts 7 of gases rise to the roof of the furnace andafterward enterthe openings V, thence as; cend among the generating-tubes u ntil.re-; 8tarded by bafiier 17. At this stage the whole 1 volume traverses undersaid baflier to openings V and then to the'uptakes through the j'heater-tubes 6. V V

'The air-box 19 may by a simple arrange 8 went, such as placinga'diaphragm 21.:itthe' 7 one end of the uptake, be made the smoke-:1 boxby allowing the gases to pass throughthei sides of the casing and thencethrough smoke-r fines similar to the air-trunk 7. r In this case. '9said gases pass on the outside of the heater-1. tubes and the airthroughthe same, whence it enters the ash-pit through trunk 13 after] firsthaving passed an opening in'the side of the casing. 1 I Q T g The watercirculates from the lowerheltd ers 2 2 through the generating-tubes lil'toi" the upper headers 2' 2', and thence through 3 3' into the drums 55, and from the. drum; of each, steam-generatordireotly by meansof thedown flow-pipes (or extensions on the head ers) marked at .4 andindirectly byme'ans vof bination of two steam-generators, each com-.

posed of a steam-drum, water-tnbes-and sing" gie headers arranged inelements, separate-1 downflow-pipes on the outer sides unitingeach lowerheader of each element tin-reach: steam-generator with the drum of the'op'po site steam-generator, a manifold or manifo do, located at thelower ends of the lower head-j ers of each steam-generator, saidmanifolds connecting each lower header in each steam -'2 generator, anddowncomers forming communications between the steam and water drnnr; ordrums of each steamgenerator with the; manifold or manifolds of theopposite steam! generator, substantially as and for thepn r pose setforth. q 7, 7

2. In an aggregate steam-generator theiodm bination of twosteam-generators, eachoom' posed of a steam drum or drums, water -tubes.

aior, said manifolds connecting each lower header in eachsteam-generator, and downcomers forming communications between the st amand water drum or drums of each steamgenerator with the manifold ormanifolds of the opposite steam-generator, substantially as and f or thepurpose set forth.

53. In an aggregate steam-generator the com- 'binution of twosteam-generators, each composed of a steam drum or drums, water-tubesand single headers arranged in elements, a manifold or manifolds locatedoutside of and at the lower ends of the lower headers of eachsteam-generator, short tubes connecting each header in eachsteam-generator to the manifolds, parting-walls built between thedowuoomers placed at the front and back of tluboiler, said downoomersforming communications between the steam and water drum or drums of eachsteam generator with the manifold or manifolds of the oppositesteamgeuerator substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an aggregate steam-generator the combination of twostearmgenerators, each oomposed of a steam-drum, water tuhes and singleheaders arranged in elements, separate downilowpipes on the outer sidesuniting".

each lower header of each element in each steam-generator with the drumof the opp0- site steam-generator, and an arrangement of balllers, whichconstrain the gases of C0111- bustion to take defined, horizontalcourses across the tubes over the full width of the boiler,substantially as shown and described and for the purpose set forth.

In a water-tube boiler composed of steamdruins, water-tubes and separateheaders, said tubes and headers being arranged in elements, in which thetubes pass one another in vertical planes, the tubes forming obtuseangles, bafflers resting on the top and bottom rows of said tubes withan open space provided between the said bafiers and the sides of the"boiler, the said open space in the bottom bafiier being located on theopposite side of the similarly-arranged space in the top batfler, allfor the gases to enter and depart during their passage among the tubes,substantially as described.

ERNEST N. JANSON. \Vitnesses:

W. F. SICARD, F. S. MORAN.

rs Patent No. 658,110, granted September 18, 1900, of Ernest N. Jansen,of \Vashiugtoh, District of Columbia, for steam Boilez's, an errm'appears in the printed specificatiofi as follows: In line 14, page 1,petent number 727,754 should 754; and that the said Letters Patent;should be read with this correction y ceni'orm to the record of the casein the Patent Oflice. and sealed this 16th day of October, A. D., 1900.

F. L. CAMPBELL, Assistant SecretqTy of the Interior.

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